THIS SLIDING NOTE RULER IS A SIMPLE WAY TO FIGURE OUT SCALES, MODES AND, AND CHORDS. JUST LINE UP THE ROOT NOTE IN THE SLIDING BAR ABOVE WITH (1) AND USE THE NUMBER SEQUENCE FOR A GIVEN FORMULA.
EXAMPLE: FIND THE MAJOR SCALE FOR THE KEY OF D. LINE UP THE D WITH 1 AND SEE: D E F# G A B C# D
WHAT COULD BE EASIER?
SCALES
MAJOR SCALE FORMULA:
1
2 3 4 5 6
7
8
MINOR SCALE FORMULA:
1
2 b3
4
5 b6 b7
8
HARMONIC MINOR SCALE:
1 2
b3
4 5 b6
7 8
MELODIC MINOR SCALE:
1
2 b3
4
5 6 7 8
PENTATONIC MAJOR SCALE: 1
2 3 5 6
PENTATONIC MINOR SCALE: 1 b3
4 5 b7
MODES
(Using
the key of C as an example)
IONIAN: SAME AS MAJOR SCALE
DORIAN: 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (9)
D E F G A B C D
PHRYGIAN: 3 4 5 6 7 8
(9)(10)
E F G A B C D E
LYDIAN: 4 5 6 7
8
(9)(10)(11)
F G A B C D E F
MIXOLYDIAN: 5 6
7 8
(9) (10)(11)(12)
G A B C D E
F
G
AEOLIAN: 6
7 8
(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)
A B C D E
F
G A
LOCRIAN 7 8
(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)
B C D E
F
G A B
HOW TO DETERMINE THE 7 BASIC CHORDS OF A GIVEN KEY:
Roman numerals are used to
distinguish
chords from notes,with capitals for major chords and lower case for
minor
chords.
I IV V=Names of major
chords
ii iii vi=Names of minor
chords
vii=7th chord
Example,
Key
Of D:
I IV
V= D,
G, A = major chords
ii iii
vi=
Em, F#m, Bm = minor chords
vii=
A7 =
7th chord
CHORD
THEORY:
HOW CHORDS ARE MADE
Chords
are
formed by adding 2 or more notes to the root.
MAJOR FAMILY
| Major
6th Major 7th Major 9th Major 13th Six/Nine |
1 3
5
C or Cmaj
1 3 5 6 C6 1 3 5 7 Cmaj7 1 3 5 7 9 Cmaj9 1 3 5 7 9 13 Cmaj13 1 3 5 6 9 C6/9 |
MINOR FAMILY
| Minor
Minor 6th Minor 7th Minor 9th |
1 b3
5
Cm
1 b3 5 6 Cm6 1 b3 5 b7 Cm7 1 b3 5 b7 9 Cm9 |
DOMINANT FAMILY
| 7th
11th 13th |
1 3 5
b7
C7
1 3 5 b7 9 11 C11 1 3 5 b7 9 11 13 C13 |
AUGMENTED & DIMINISHED
| Augmented
Diminished |
1 3
#5
Caug or C+
1 b3 b5 b7 Cdim or C° |